Association between red meat consumption and cancer risk

Cancer is leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is assumed that cancer risk is mainly affected by environmental factors including diet habits. Among other food, it is considered that red meat consumption is linked to increased risk of cancer. Formation of mutagens, heterocyclic aromatic amines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly depend on cooking methods and is the highest in pan fried and barbecued meat. Fat, N-nitroso compounds and haeme iron which are also found in meat and meat products are considered to influence the occurrence of cancer. Colorectal cancer is the most often associated with red meat consumption, but studies show that meat eating may increase the risk for other types of cancer including breast cancer, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, laryngeal cancer and bladder, kidney, and endometrial tumors

Meat in traditional Serbian cuisine

The use of meat in traditional Serbian cuisine can be divided into three periods. The first period is the time from the arrival of Slavs in the Balkans, through the Middle Ages to the early 19 th century. The second period, the 19 th and the first half of the 20 th centuries, can be marked as special due to significant changes that impacted traditional Serbian cuisine, compared to the first period. It was a period during which the Europeanization of Serbia took place in all spheres of life, including cuisine. After World War II, Serbia and many surrounding countries eperienced a great surge in industrialization in all economic fields, including that of food production. The last sixty years has seen the globalization of our food supply, with food being transported globally from one part of the world to another, and which resulted in neglected traditional, local cuisines. Therefore, many countries, including Serbia, recognize a need for preserving traditional cuisine. This recognition has initiated several mechanisms for maintaining Europe's gastronomic herit-age. Preservation of traditional cuisine in Serbia has special significance for tourism development

Influence of marination on salmonella spp. Growth in broiler breast fillets

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marination, on the growth of Salmonella spp. in contaminated broiler breast fillets during storage. In the conducted study, broiler breast fillets were inoculated with a cocktail of different Salmonella strains and afterwards marinated in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate. The total count of Salmonella spp. was examined on the 0, 3rd, 6th and 9th day of storage. Broiler breast fillets salted in 6% solution of table salt were used as the control. Proximate composition and salt content, pH value and a(w) value, were determined as the meat quality parameters and parameters which can affect environmental conditions for bacterial growth, as well. Compared to initial contamination, Salmonella spp. count in marinated and salted fillets did not change significantly (p 0.05) on protein and fat content in broiler meat. According to the results obtained it can be concluded that marination of broiler breast fillets in solutions containing table salt, sodium trpolyphosphate and/or citrate, in some way, can prolongate the lag phase of Salmonella spp. growth, where sodium citrate is more effective than sodium tripolyphosphate

Anisakis infection and allergy in humans

Compared with other well-studied parasitic diseases, fish-borne parasitic zoonoses do not get enough attention, especially because these zoonoses have been limited for the most part to populations living in low- and middle-income countries in Europe. Human fishery product-borne parasitic diseases caused by nematodes are the results of infection following ingestion of viable parasites, or as allergic reactions against parasite antigens. With the globalization of the seafood industry, the risk of humans acquiring anisakiasis in developed countries appears to be underestimated. For allergy, the only implicated parasite in fishery products is the nematode Anisakis simplex

The presence of Salmonella spp. in Belgrade domestic refrigerators

The probability of contamination of domestic refrigerators seems to be greater for Salmonella, than other, distinctly psychrotolerant bacteria. This survey investigated Salmonella spp. contamination of domestic refrigerators in households (n = 100). The presence of Salmonella species was found in 13.95% of households that kept eggs in designated egg storage in refrigerators (n = 86). We identified 12 serotypes of Salmonella spp. with antimicrobial resistance, of which 50% were identified as S. Typhimurium. The results obtained confirm the need to strongly advise consumers how to properly arrange different foodstuffs inside household refrigerators

Optimal Propeller design for future HALE UAV

Osnovne uloge bespilotnih letelica podrazumevaju: osmatranje, nadzor, prenos robe, daljinsko očitavanje i različite bezbedonosne zadatke. Poboljšana klasa bespilotnih letelica su one koje su posebno projektovane za velike visine leta i duge istrajnosti (uglavnom pri podzvučnim brzinama krstarenja). Do sada je probano nekoliko varijanti koje se razlikuju kako po dimenzijama tako i po primenjenim tehničkim rešenjima. Uobičajeni pristup podrazumeva standarnu konfiguraciju krilotrup-zadnje repne površine i let pomoću elise koja je najefikasnija u tom opsegu brzina. Rad ukratko prikazuje preliminarnu aerodinamičku analizu glavnih uzgonskih površina, ali i detaljniji opis izvedene višekriterijumske optimizacije elise sposobne da obezbedi dovoljni potisak na zadatoj visini i brzini krstarenja. Aerodinamičke performanse razmatranih elisa procenjene su kombinovanim modelom. Izabrani optimizacioni metod, genetski algoritam, pogodan je za probleme koji uključuju veliki broj ulaznih promenljivih.The main roles of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) include: observation, surveillance, transportation, remote sensing and various security tasks. Improved, augmented type of UAVs are high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) aircraft capable and designed, as their name suggests, for lengthy flights at higher altitudes (which also usually implies subsonic cruising velocities). Different variants, in both size and applied technical solutions, have been tried. Common approach incorporates standard wing-fuselage-aft empennage configuration and propelled flight as the most efficient for the required speed range. The paper gives a brief overview of a preliminary aerodynamic analysis of the main lifting surfaces as well as a detailed description of the performed multi-objective optimization of the propeller capable of producing a sufficient amount of thrust at the cruising altitude and speed. Aerodynamic performances of the investigated propellers are estimated by a simple blade element momentum theory (BEMT). The chosen optimizing method, genetic algorithm (GA), is suitable for dealing with a large number of input variables

New scientific challenges - the possibilities of using selenium in poultry nutrition and impact on meat quality

Physiological stress is one of many concerns facing modern broiler production. In conditions when birds are exposed to stress, supplementation of selenium, which is a crucial glutathione peroxidase enzymatic cofactor, increases the antioxidant capacity of the animals and decreases the harmful effects of free radicals. Dietary selenium improves production performance and health of animals, and positively affects the immune system, the quality, selenium content and fatty acid composition of meat and eggs. There are several different forms of selenium, the most common dietary supplements being an inorganic form (sodium selenite) and anorganic form (selenomethionine). However, in recent years, new forms of selenium, such as a 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA) and nanoselenium, which have more bioavailability, bioefficacy, and low toxicity have been designed. In this short comparative overview discusses the effects of inorganic, organic and nanoforms of selenium on production results, glutathione peroxidase activity, meat quality and level of toxicity in poultry

Optimal Propeller design for future HALE UAV

Osnovne uloge bespilotnih letelica podrazumevaju: osmatranje, nadzor, prenos robe, daljinsko očitavanje i različite bezbedonosne zadatke. Poboljšana klasa bespilotnih letelica su one koje su posebno projektovane za velike visine leta i duge istrajnosti (uglavnom pri podzvučnim brzinama krstarenja). Do sada je probano nekoliko varijanti koje se razlikuju kako po dimenzijama tako i po primenjenim tehničkim rešenjima. Uobičajeni pristup podrazumeva standarnu konfiguraciju krilotrup-zadnje repne površine i let pomoću elise koja je najefikasnija u tom opsegu brzina. Rad ukratko prikazuje preliminarnu aerodinamičku analizu glavnih uzgonskih površina, ali i detaljniji opis izvedene višekriterijumske optimizacije elise sposobne da obezbedi dovoljni potisak na zadatoj visini i brzini krstarenja. Aerodinamičke performanse razmatranih elisa procenjene su kombinovanim modelom. Izabrani optimizacioni metod, genetski algoritam, pogodan je za probleme koji uključuju veliki broj ulaznih promenljivih.The main roles of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) include: observation, surveillance, transportation, remote sensing and various security tasks. Improved, augmented type of UAVs are high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) aircraft capable and designed, as their name suggests, for lengthy flights at higher altitudes (which also usually implies subsonic cruising velocities). Different variants, in both size and applied technical solutions, have been tried. Common approach incorporates standard wing-fuselage-aft empennage configuration and propelled flight as the most efficient for the required speed range. The paper gives a brief overview of a preliminary aerodynamic analysis of the main lifting surfaces as well as a detailed description of the performed multi-objective optimization of the propeller capable of producing a sufficient amount of thrust at the cruising altitude and speed. Aerodynamic performances of the investigated propellers are estimated by a simple blade element momentum theory (BEMT). The chosen optimizing method, genetic algorithm (GA), is suitable for dealing with a large number of input variables

Multi-objective constrained optimizations of VAWT composite blades based on FEM and PSO

Vetroturbine sa vertikalnom osom obrtanja predstavljaju privlačno oruđe za iskorišćenje energije vetra, naročito pogodno za male potrošače ili nepristupačne terene. Iako su jednostavne geometrije (ovde su pretpostavljene prave lopatice konstantnog aeroprofila), njihova aerodinamička analiza može biti izrazito složena. Metode proračunske mehanike fluida iskorišćene su za procenu aerodinamičkih performansi rotora. Rad daje pregled i ocenu mogućih strategija za izvršenje višekriterijumskih optimizacija tokom projektovanja lopatice vetroturbine sa vertikalnom osom obrtanja laminatne strukture koje se odnose na njene glavne strukturne parametre: redosled ređanja i broj slojeva laminata. Brojni proračuni strukture kompozitnih lopatica vetroturbine izvedeni su metodom konačnih elemenata. Višekriterijumske ograničene optimizacije rojem čestica, evolutivnim metodom, izvršene su u odnosu na: ukupnu masu lopatice, najveće pomeranje strukture lopatice pri statičkom opterećenju, proračunate sopstvene frekvencije i kriterijum loma po lopatici. Kombinacijom različitih ulaznih i izlaznih parametara (ciljnih funkcija i ograničenja) moguće je definisati veliki broj prihvatljivih, poboljšanih rešenja.Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are attractive tools for wind energy extraction particularly suitable for small consumers or off-grid areas. Although their geometry is simple (here, rectangular blade of constant airfoil is assumed), aerodynamic analysis may be quite complex. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is employed for the estimation of rotor aerodynamic performances. This paper provides a review of possible multi-objective optimization strategies for the design of small-scale VAWT laminate blades in terms of its main structural parameters: ply-order and ply-number. Numerous structural analyses of the composite turbine blades were performed by finite element method (FEM). Multi-criteria constrained optimizations, by an evolutionary method - particle swarm optimization (PSO), were performed with respect to blade total mass, maximum blade tip deflection under static loading, computed natural frequencies and failure index along the blade. By combining different input and output parameters (cost functions and constraints) a large variety of feasible solutions can be achieved

Multi-objective constrained optimizations of VAWT composite blades based on FEM and PSO

Vetroturbine sa vertikalnom osom obrtanja predstavljaju privlačno oruđe za iskorišćenje energije vetra, naročito pogodno za male potrošače ili nepristupačne terene. Iako su jednostavne geometrije (ovde su pretpostavljene prave lopatice konstantnog aeroprofila), njihova aerodinamička analiza može biti izrazito složena. Metode proračunske mehanike fluida iskorišćene su za procenu aerodinamičkih performansi rotora. Rad daje pregled i ocenu mogućih strategija za izvršenje višekriterijumskih optimizacija tokom projektovanja lopatice vetroturbine sa vertikalnom osom obrtanja laminatne strukture koje se odnose na njene glavne strukturne parametre: redosled ređanja i broj slojeva laminata. Brojni proračuni strukture kompozitnih lopatica vetroturbine izvedeni su metodom konačnih elemenata. Višekriterijumske ograničene optimizacije rojem čestica, evolutivnim metodom, izvršene su u odnosu na: ukupnu masu lopatice, najveće pomeranje strukture lopatice pri statičkom opterećenju, proračunate sopstvene frekvencije i kriterijum loma po lopatici. Kombinacijom različitih ulaznih i izlaznih parametara (ciljnih funkcija i ograničenja) moguće je definisati veliki broj prihvatljivih, poboljšanih rešenja.Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are attractive tools for wind energy extraction particularly suitable for small consumers or off-grid areas. Although their geometry is simple (here, rectangular blade of constant airfoil is assumed), aerodynamic analysis may be quite complex. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is employed for the estimation of rotor aerodynamic performances. This paper provides a review of possible multi-objective optimization strategies for the design of small-scale VAWT laminate blades in terms of its main structural parameters: ply-order and ply-number. Numerous structural analyses of the composite turbine blades were performed by finite element method (FEM). Multi-criteria constrained optimizations, by an evolutionary method - particle swarm optimization (PSO), were performed with respect to blade total mass, maximum blade tip deflection under static loading, computed natural frequencies and failure index along the blade. By combining different input and output parameters (cost functions and constraints) a large variety of feasible solutions can be achieved